Sino ang Dapat Respetuhin?

29 Abril 2010. Huwebes sa ika-4 ng Linggo ng Pasko ng Pagkabuhay
Acts 13, 13-25; Psalm 89; John 13, 16-20


Note: This article appears in Pandesal 2010, the bible diary of the Claretian Publications. I wrote the reflections from April to June 2010.

Walang sinugo ang mas dakila sa nagpadala sa kanya, wika ni Hesus. Dahil isang Diyos si Hesus, alam niya ang makalangit. At ang mga bagay na mas mahalaga sa mga pinahahalagahan ng mundo ang Kanyang tinuturo. Halimbawa, tinuturo niya na ang pag-ibig ang mas mahalaga kaysa ating buhay; ang iniibig natin ang mas tinatangi natin kaysa sa iba. Dahil dito, nararapat na magtiwala tayo sa pagkatao ni Hesus. Hindi tayo magkakamali na piliin nating sundan Siya higit pa sa ibang tao.

Kinikilala ni Hesus na may mga taong nararapat nating respetuhin; kahit mas marami pa tayong nalalaman sa kanila. Bilang mga anak ng Diyos, pantay-pantay tayong lahat. Ngunit may nagkakaiba tayo sa isa’t isa dahil sa ating mga ginagampanan sa buhay. Dahil dito, mas nararapat nating respetuhin ang ating mga magulang; kahit ano man ang mga pagkakamali nila sa atin, sila pa rin ang natatangi nating pinagmulan.

Nawalan ka na ba ng Direksiyon sa Buhay?

28 Abril 2010. Miyerkoles sa ika-4 ng Linggo ng Pasko ng Pagkabuhay.
Acts 12, 24 - 13,5; Psalm 67; John 12, 44-50


Note: This article appears in Pandesal 2010, the bible diary of the Claretian Publication.

Nakapasok ka na ba sa mga madidilim na lugar tulad ng kuweba? Isang butil ng liwanag ang nagiging gabay natin sa paglabas sa mga lugar na ito. Sa iba’t ibang klase ng kadiliman napapabilang ang bawat tao. May nalilito kung ano ang tama’t mali. May nawawalan ng direksiyon sa buhay. May hindi alam ang gagawin kapag pinapapili sila sa dalawang bagay na mabuti. Mas madali ang pagpili sa isang masama at mabuti: siyempre dapat pipiliin natin ang mabuti.

Ngunit kakaiba kung dalawang mabuting bagay ang nakahain upang pag-isipan. Manatili sa bansa o makipagsapalaran sa ibayong dagat. Ang kursong hangad natin o nais ng ating mga magulang. Dalawang mabubuting manliligaw. Mag-asawa o pumasok sa pagiging relihiyoso. Hinahangad ni Hesus na sa anumang pagpipili, ang kagustuhan ng Diyos ang tanging tinatalima. Marami ang daan tungo sa liwanag. Ang makamtan ang tunay na Liwanag ang pinakamahalaga.

Paano mo mapapatunayan ang tunay mong pagkatao?

27 Abril 2010. Martes sa ika-4 na Linggo ng Pasko ng Pagkabuhay.
Acts 11, 19-26; Psalm 87; John 10, 22-30

Note: This article appears in Pandesal 2010, the bible diary of the Claretian Publication. I wrote the reflections for the months of April to June.

Napapatunayan ang tunay na pagkatao natin sa ating mga ginagawa at hindi sa mga sinasabi nito lamang. Mas lumilinaw ang katotohanan kapag ang sinasabi natin nakikita itong isinasabuhay. Sa ating mga kaibigan, naniniwala tayo sa kanilang sinasabi dahil kilala natin ito. Halimbawa, sinasabi natin na tunay ang layuning maglingkod ang isang kaibigang nakalulok sa pamahalaan dahil nakasama natin sila sa ating buhay bago pa nakamit nito ang kanilang puwesto.

Ngunit bukas sa anumang paghuhusga at pagdududa ng ibang tao ang ginagawa natin. Sa mga taong hindi kilala ang kaibigang nasa gobyerno, maaari nilang tingnan ang paglilingkod nito bilang paghahanda sa susunod na eleksiyon. Ganito rin si Hesus, kahit anumang patunay Niyang gawin, hindi pa rin maniniwala ang mga Judio dahil sarado na ang kanilang pag-iisip. Sa gayon, ang pagsasabuhay sa ating mga sinasabi at pagpapakita nito sa ating mga gawa ang pinaka-mainam na pagpapatunay ng ating sarili.

Napariwara ka na ba?

26 Abril 2010. Lunes ng ika-4 Linggo ng Pasko ng Pagkabuhay
Acts 11, 1-18; Psalm 42; John 10, 1-10


Note: This article appears in Pandesal 2010: the bible diary of the Claretian Publications

Pintuan ng kulungan ng mga tupa si Hesus. Kabilang sa Kanyang kawan ang sinumang pumapasok sa pintuang iyon. Magnanakaw at mga tulisan ang sinumang hindi dumaraan doon. Ibig sabihin, pinuprotektahan ni Hesus ang kanyang mga kawan sa anumang panganib. Hindi hinahayaan ni Hesus na mapariwara ang kanyang mga tupa.

Marami sa atin ang nagdadala ng iba’t ibang bagay tulad ng mga rosario, krus at mga banal na imahen upang maramdaman ang mapagtanggol na puso ni Hesus. Napapawi ang ating mga takot kung may nakikita tayong nagpapa-alala sa pag-aarugang ito ng Panginoon. Alam natin na hindi galing sa mga bagay na ito ang kapangyarihan, ngunit nakakatulong ito upang maalala na may Diyos na hindi nagpapabaya.

The Good Shepherd as a Principle of Leadership

25 April 2010. Fourth Sunday of Easter
Acts 13, 14-52; Psalm 99; Revelation 7, 9-17; John 10, 27-30

Our image of the Good Shepherd as a leadership principle traces its roots centuries ago in the Jewish history. Not without reason: the shepherd puts his life at stake for his flock. It was not easy to be a shepherd in those days. When the terrain was rocky, the shepherd would not just look for a good pasture, but look for the sheep that went astray. The flock would tend to mingle with others, so he must identify each and every single sheep in the fold.

Now, the Jewish authorities were supposedly the leaders who shepherded their flock. But they had become irresponsible and corrupt, ingratiating themselves rather than the people they served. And so God took away their pastoring and made Himself the Pastor. In the Old Testament, He appointed David, the shepherd to be King, and in his line, Jesus. God became shepherd in Jesus. Jesus’ fidelity to His sheep, His sacrifice for the flock stands opposite to the corrupt officials of His time.

What are the qualities that makes Jesus the Good Shepherd. First, Jesus would gather his sheep and bring them to good pasture. He knows each and every person’s name and they recognize His voice. In the story of the resurrection, Mary Magdalene recognizes Jesus’ voice and Jesus in turn called out her personal name.

Every Christian emulates Jesus, the Good Shepherd. We should be people who agents of unity, than division. We gather people, and feed them with the things that they need and desire. In our service, we do not serve people what WE think they need, how WE think they would want to be served. For example, many choirs forget to make what we call, the Pastoral Judgement. Pastoring is shepherding: can the congregation sing what they are singing? Often, many choirs sing what THEY would like to sing, without considering the age, culture, needs of the people who attend the masses. When choirs sing this way, they do not serve, they perform. The best choir is the no choir: you can’t hear the choir because everybody is singing. When a choir decreases as the congregation increases, as John the Baptist say about Jesus, then the choir is able to genuinely lead people to pray.

Second, Jesus would lay down His life for the sheep. This self-sacrifice is the genuine act of love. This self-sacrifice is the characteristic function of Jesus. When we love, we are saying to our beloved that their life is far more important than ours. We give what is best for them, despite the pain that it demands on us. And often, what is good is hurting and humbling. Parents gather their children in order for them to let them go in the future. Even lovers who might begin with a close and exclusive relationship will have to let go and build new friendships that derives inspiration and learning from what they share exclusively. Once a relationship is too possessive-obsessive and tightly closed, it eventually crumbles because it is too navel gazing and suffocating. Thus, to maintain relationship is to die to ourselves. To let us decrease while our beloved increases. We hope that when the other also loves this way, then both of them will see to it that they both grow.

Finally, Jesus is the “gate” because it is He provides safety for the flock by protecting them from marauders. To shepherd a people means that we protect them from what would be harmful to their life; or provide them the skills to protect themselves. There are developmental stages that we all undergo as persons. To protect the people we pasture, like our children or our students, means that we ensure that they would mature and develop towards their full potential. The influx of information may help or harm an individual; some information would be helpful when they mature, but harmful when they are young. We have to know when to be caring and when to challenge. It is important that we also trust our people to think and weigh what they would adapt in their lives.

Or, we could help them be critical of what they encounter daily. At the age of reason, we teach our high school students to critique a literary work or a visual encounter. We give them the process to undertake in order to view a work of art; and develop their own opinion of it. In the bigger life in a university, everything is placed on your feet to judge what would you would take on and what you would reject. Like the internet, everything is made available. I believe to be the gate today, as Jesus is, means equipping our “flock” with the tools they need to discern what leads to God and what does not. We cannot protect them forever, even superheroes in comic books protect some but not all. When we are able to embed values in our children long before they are exposed to the world, we have done much. Simple: those who survive college and the dog-eats-dog world are those who have strong foundations. Most of those who rise to be true shepherd-leaders with values are those who, in the first place, have been the sheep of loving shepherds.

Tugon sa Iisang Tinig

25 April 2010 Ika-4 na Linggo ng Muling Pagkabuhay
Acts 13:14, 43-52; Psalm 100; Rev 7: 9, 14-17; John 10: 27-30

Note: This article appears in Sambuhay today. Sambuhay is a publication of the Society of St. Paul.

Alintana natin ang pagkawatak-watak ng sangkatauhan. Kitang-kita natin ang ating pagkakaiba ng kuro-kuro sa bawat pangyayari sa daigdig. Mulat-na-mulat tayo sa mga sari-saring pananaw na nanggagaling sa relihiyon, lipi at kultura. Lumalala na ang hindi pagkakaunawaan dahil sa layo ng agwat at panahon ng bawat henerasyon. At habang lumalabas ang sari-saring teknolohiya ng pakikipagusap at pakikipagugnay sa pagbubuo ng isang global community, marami pa rin ang tila nagkakalat sa buhay, nawawala sa sarili o nakakaramdam ng malalim na pangungulila. Tila mga tupang walang pastol ang sanlibutan. Hindi ba’t ito rin ang sinabi ni Hesus sa kanyang panahon? Wala bang nagbago?

Umiinit na po ang halalan at kahit saan man tayo tumingin makikita natin ang mga mukha ng ating mga kandidato. Sa radyo, telebisyon at sa anumang pagtitipon-tipon, hindi palalampasin ng mga ito ang pagkakakataong makapagsalita. Dahil dito, madaling malito at magpatangay na lamang sa agos ng popularidad. Mahirap makapag-isip at makapagnilay sa gitna ng maraming nag-aagawan sa ating pansin. Madaling maranasan ang pagkawatak-watak ng ating puso’t isipan.

Sa kasuluksulukan ng ating puso, marami sa atin ang naghahangad ng pagbabago. Nais nating suriin ang bawat kandidato upang mailuklok ang karapatdapat. Sinisikap nating buu-in ang ating pag-iisip sa pamamagitan ng pagbabasa at pakikinig sa kanila at sa mga komentaryo ng iba’t ibang tao.

Ngunit, kailangan din nating maging batid sa katotohanang hindi lahat tunay na naghahangad ng pagbabago. Malungkot isipin na marami pa rin ang sumasagana sa ganitong sistema. Ang mga kandidatong nangangako ng pagbabago ang siya ring may hangaring ipagpatuloy ang kasalukuyang sistema. Marami sa atin ang nawawalan ng gana sa pagsisikap para sa tuwid at tunay na pagbabago. Bilang epekto nito, lalung nagiging imposibleng maganap ang pagunlad at pagkakaisa ng ating bayan.

Ang pagbubuklod sa iisang Diyos ang siyang tawag sa ating lahat. Ito ang kahulugan ng Linggong ito, na siya ring Linggo ng Mabuting Pastol at Pandaigdigang Araw ng Pananalangin Para sa Bokasyon. Ang pagkakaisa nating lahat ang tunay na bokasyon ng bawat Kristiyano; hindi lamang ito tanging gawain ng mga pari’t relihiyoso. Wika ni Walter Brueggemann, ang bokasyon ay isang pagtuklas ng pakay at kahulugan ng ating buhay sa mundo ayon sa mismong hangarin ng Diyos. Ibig sabihin, nakikisama tayo sa gawain ng Diyos ayon sa ating kakayahan at pagkatao. Isa itong pagtugon sa tawag ng Diyos na makiisa sa katuparan ng bagong kaayusan.

Tulad ng isang orchestra, sama-samang tumutugtog ang iba’t ibang aspeto ng ating buhay upang mabuo ang isang kaaya-ayang himig. Tulad ng sari-saring instrumento, kasama ang tunog ng lahat ng mga uri ng ating ugnayan maging sa personal o sa buhay na hayag sa lahat. Kaakibat din nito ang ating hanap-buhay at ang mga bagay na nasa ilalim ng ating responsibilidad. Ginagamit ang lahat ng ito ayon sa personal na pakikitungo ng Diyos sa atin. At tulad ng isang napakagandang awitin, bunga nito ang saya ng mga nakikinig.

Samakatuwid, kailangang matuto tayong mamili na hindi lamang para sa ating sarili. Kailangang makita nating inilaan ng Diyos ang ating buhay para sa mas malawakang pakay. Pananagutan nating lahat ang bawat isa at ang buong sanlibutan. Ito ang dinadasal sa bokasyon: tungo sa pagpapastol sa lahat ang indibidwal na tawag ng Diyos sa atin.

Sa nalalapit na halalan, isang pagdedesisyon ang gagawin nating lahat. Kailangang maingat sa pamimili; kailangang bumoto sa karapatdapat. Ingay, at hindi awit, ang kahihinatnan ng isang orchestrang pinapatnubayan ng isang konduktor na hindi marunong kumumpas. Ibig sabihin, isang pagpipili ng magiging pastol ng ating bayan ang halalan. At nawa alam ng iluluklok na isang pagkakataong maglingkod ang kanyang kapangyarihan tulad ng pagmamalasakit ng Mabuting Pastol sa Kanyang kawan.

Isipin muli ang mga alagad ni Kristo. Kung tutuusin, marami sa kanila ang natural na magkakabanggaan. Halimbawa, kasosyo ni Mateo ang gobyernong Romano bilang isang mangongolekta ng buwis. Sa kabilang banda, isang Zelotes si Simon (Lucas 6:15 at Gawa 1:13). Kaaway ng mga Zelotes ang pamahalaang Romano. Hindi mahirap isiping nagtatalo sina Mateo at Simon. Ngunit, bakit nagkakaisa silang lahat kahit iba ang kanilang pinapanigan sa buhay-pulitika? Dahil isa lamang ang kanilang tinatanging mas mahalaga kaysa sa kanilang buhay. Magkakaibigan silang naglilingkod sa isa’t isa dahil ito ang ginagawa ng kanilang tanging Mahal.

Bunga ng Muling Pagkabuhay ni Kristo ang bagong kaayusan; naging banal ang buong sanlibutan. Biniyayaan tayong lahat ng kapangyarihang tumugon sa tawag ng Diyos sa atin. Bokasyon natin ang maging mabuting pastol sa bawat isa. Sinisikap nating tumugtog nang sabay-sabay. Upang mabuo natin ang isang bayang marunong makinig sa iisang tinig: ang himig ng Mabuting Pastol.

Naririnig Mo Ba ang Tinig ni Hesus?

25 Abril 2010. Ika-4 Linggo ng Pasko ng Pagkabuhay
Acts 13, 14-52; Psalm 99; Revelation 7, 9-17; John 10, 27-30


Note: This article appears in Pandesal 2010, the bible diary of the Claretian Publications.

May tinig ang bawat pastol na kilala ng mga tupa sa kawan. Noong mga panahon, madalas magkakahalo ang mga kawan ng iba. Dahil dito, kailangang kikilalahanin niya ang bawat tupa na kanyang inaaruga. Sa kabilang banda, kailangang makikilala din siya ng kanyang mga tupa. Ang pagkakakilala ng pastol at tupa nabubuo lamang sa habang panahon ng pagsasama. Tulad ng pagkakilala natin sa magkapatid na kambal, hindi natin masabi ang kaibhan nilang dalawa hangga’t may pinagsamahan.

Maririnig natin ang tinig ni Hesus sa tagal na ginugugol natin sa pagdarasal. Sa paglipas ng panahon tumatatag ang ugnayan natin sa Panginoon. Habang tumatagal, lalung lumilinaw ang kanyang tinig; mas madali natin malaman ang kagustuhan ng Diyos. Sa gayon, hindi tayo nalilito kung sino ang susundan natin habang-buhay.

Kung May Kumukontra sa Kaibigan Mo, Iiwanan Mo Ba?

24 Abril 2010. Sabado ng ika-3 Linggo ng Pasko ng Pagkabuhay.
Acts 9, 31-42; Psalm 116; John 6, 60-69


Note: This article appears in Pandesal 2010, the bible diary of the Claretian Publication in the Philippines.

Hindi lahat ng sinasabi ng Panginoon ang madaling maunawaan, paniwalaan at lalung-lalo na isabuhay. Inakala nila na hinihimok ni Hesus na maging kanibal ang susunod sa kanya. Kaya isa-isang lumisan ang dati Niyang kaibigan at alagad. Ngunit, ang tapat sa kanya tulad ni Pedro ang hindi lumisan.

Maraming mga bagay ang mahirap isabuhay kung se-seryosohin ang turo ni Hesus. Napabilang dito ang mahalin ang ating mga kaaway, at ang mga turo ukol sa pagpapatawad sa may sala sa atin. At dahil hindi madaling gawin ang mga salita ni Hesus, hindi natin ito pinakikinggan. Ngunit, alam natin na kung tatapatin at papipiliin tayo ng Diyos, alam natin na totoo ang kanyang mga salita. Magiging mapayapa ang ating buhay kung lahat natin tutuparin ang salita ng Diyos.

May Kasalo Ka Ba sa Buhay-Espirituwal?

23 Abril 2010. Biyernes ng ika-3 Linggo ng Muling Pagkabuhay.
Acts 9, 1-20; Psalm 117; John 6, 52-59


Note: This article appears in Pandesal 2010, the bible diary of the Claretian Publications in the Philippines.

Ang kumain ng laman at uminom ng dugo ni Kristo makakamtan ang buhay na walang hanggan. Napapabilang sa isang pamilya ang lahat na bumabahagi ng iisang tinapay at umiinom sa tubig na galing sa iisang pitsel. Miyembro ng iisang organisasyon ang mga taong alam ang kasaysayan at mga kuwento ng bawat isa. Nagpapanday sa barkada ang may pinagsamahan.

Ganito ang buhay Kristiyano. Kahit saan mang dako, iisa ang pinagsasaluhan: ang Katawan at Dugo ni Kristo Hesus. Kahit iba-iba ang kultura at hindi pareho ang paraan ng pagsamba, ang Katolikong Kristiyano nagkakabigkis sa iisang pag-ibig sa Diyos. Ang alaala natin sa kasaysayan ng pagliligtas nangagaling sa banal na kasulatang naririnig natin tuwing misa. Inaalala natin at pinagsasaluhan ang mga gawa at salita ni Hesus tuwing sumasamba at nananalangin tayo sa Kanya. At dahil dito, tinatawag natin ang ating Simbahan bilang ang Katawan ni Kristo.

Inakit Ka Na Ba?

22 Abril 2010. Huwebes ng ika-3 Linggo ng Muling Pagkabuhay
Acts 8, 26-40; Psalm 66; John 6, 44-31


Note: You will find this article in Pandesal 2010, the bible diary of the Claretian Publications.

Walang nakakalapit kay Hesus kung hindi siya unang inakit ng Diyos Amang nagpadala sa Kanya. Maraming paraang ginagamit ang Diyos upang mapalapit tayo sa Kanyang anak. Maaaring nagsisimula ito sa isang pagkakaibigan, sa inspirasyong nararanasan ng mga mang-aawit, o sa pagpapatawad ng isang labis nating nasaktan. Posibleng gamitin ng Diyos ang ating mga lungkot upang kumapit tayo sa kanya. May ibang bumaling sa Diyos nang sila’y nagkasakit o muntik nang mamatay.

Ang pang-aakit ng Diyos nararamdaman sa pang-araw-araw tulad ng tinapay na nagpapalakas sa ating buhay. Madalas hindi natin itong napapansin, dahil ordinaryong nangyayari tulad nang di-natin maalala ang pagkakaiba ng isang pandesal sa maraming pandesal sa almusal. Ano-anong paraan ang ginagamit ng Diyos upang maakit tayong lumapit kay Kristo?

Paano Nagiging Tinapay ng Buhay si Hesus?

21 Abril 2010. Miyerkoles ng ika-3 Linggo ng Muling Pagkabuhay.
Acts 8, 1-8; Psalm 66; John 6, 35-40


Note: This article appears in Pandesal 2010, the Biblical diary of the Claretian Publications.

Si Hesus ang tinapay ng buhay. Hindi magugutom kailanman ang lumalapit sa kanya. Kailangan natin sa araw-araw ang tinapay; tulad ng pangangailangan natin sa kanin. Isa ito sa pinaka-ordinaryong bagay na mahalaga sa buhay. Pinapawi nito ang ating mga gutom. Pinapalakas tayo nito upang hindi tayo matalo sa anumang paghihirap na sasapitin natin.

Tulad nito si Hesus. Tinutugunan ni Hesus ang ating mga katanungan sa buhay. Matatagpuan sa ebanghelio ang iba’t ibang uri ng kasagutan sa ating mga tanong. Binibigyan tayo ng lakas ng loob kung humihina ang ating kalooban. Maraming bumagsak sa kanilang exam ang naging mapayapa dahil sa misa at iba’t ibang uri ng debosyon. May mga mabibigat na pasaning gumaan dahil sa umasa tayo sa tulong ng Maykapal.

Nagkamali ka na ba sa Akala?

20 Abril 2010. Martes ng ika-3 Linggo ng Pasko ng Pagkabuhay.
Acts 7, 51-8,1; Psalm 31; John 6, 30-35


Note: You can find this article in Pandesal 2010, the bible diary of the Claretians Publication.

Mga gawaing tulad ng manna sa disyerto sa panahon ni Moises ang kondisyon upang maniwala ang mga tumutuligsa kay Hesus. Sinabi ni Hesus na hindi galing kay Moises ang manna o ang tinapay na galing sa langit. Galing ito sa Diyos Ama. Siya ang nagbigay sa mga Israelita ng makakain upang hindi sila mamatay.

Maraming namamatay daw sa akala. Akala natin na galing sa atin ang ating mga kahusayan sa pag-awit, pagsayaw, o sa pag-aaral. Lumalaki ang ating ulo at nagiging mapagmataas tayo dahil sa pag-aakalang ito. Naniniwala tayo na galing sa ating sarili ang iba’t ibang mga tagumpay na nakamit natin sa buhay. Ngunit, hindi nagmula sa ating kapangyarihan ang lahat lahat na meron tayo. Iisa lamang ang pinanggalingan nito. Ibinigay sa atin ito upang gamitin sa paglilingkod sa kapwa. At ang paggamit ng mga kakayahang ito ang pagpapakita ng labis na utang na loob.

Gaano Ba Katindi ang Iyong Pagnanasa?

19 Abril 2010. Lunes ng ika-3 Linggo ng Pasko ng Pagkabuhay
Acts 6, 8-15; Psalm 119; John 6, 22-29


Note: You'll find this post in Pandesal 2010, the bible diary of the Claretian Publications.

Binabalikan ng mga tao ang lugar na alaala ng pagpapakain sa kanila ni Hesus. At nang napuna nila na wala na roon si Hesus, labis nilang hinanap at sinundan si Hesus sa kabilang-ibayo ng Capernaum. At doon, sinabi niya na hindi na magugutom ang mananalig sa Kanya bilang sugo ng Diyos.

May mga lugar na nagiging makahulugan sa atin, lalung-lalo na kapag may kakabit itong magandang alaala. Maaring naranasan natin ang Diyos sa isang malalim ng pagkakaibigan o isang napakagandang lugar na pinagugatan ng pananampalatayang tunay. Kapag hindi na natin mapuntahan ang lugar na ito, hinahanap natin sa ibang pagkakataon ang karanasan natin ng banal, tulad ng mga paglalakbay sa Lourdes o pagdalaw sa Manaoag. Gaano ba katindi ang ating pagnanasang matagpuan ang Diyos na kaya nating maglakbay nang malayo makita lamang Siya?

Thanksgiving Homily for Fr. Nono Levosada SJ


18 April 2010. 3rd Sunday of Easter
Acts 5, 27-41; Psalm 30; Rev 5, 11-14; John 21, 1-19
For the Thanksgiving mass of Fr. Nono Levosada SJ
San Jose Seminary, Ateneo de Manila University
Loyola Heights, Quezon City


Several years ago, a child in his boy scout uniform was left behind by his school bus that was supposed to bring him home to Cainta, Rizal. Unfazed by the situation, he was able to find his way there. In many ways, levels and intensities, that little child who collects comic books and loves Batman; that boy scout from La Salle Greenhills, is now home. It took many years of waiting before He chose to follow the path of Jesuit life. It took many steps before He found himself at the door of Sacred Heart Novitiate, and several other stages before He got himself ordained a priest. But it took a few years, before he made a great turn from Green to Blue. I tell you: every UAAP season, Nono would cheer, not for the Archers, but for the Eagles. He is home indeed!

We are gathered here today in overwhelming gratitude, in order to remember. What we pay attention to is often profoundly influenced by memory. And what gets our attention are the emotionally arousing events and not the boring ones. I believe the story of Jesus appearing at Lake Tiberias after His resurrection is so significant and emotionally appealing that the narrative has to be put down on paper, read by communities, in order to be lived by generations. And just as Jesus repeats certain events to reveal who He is, what He wants to say, and how He wants things done, we too are to derive meaning from them. This is what we’re going to do.

The Gospel begins by telling us that Jesus reveals himself to his disciples in this way. He appears at the lake while his disciples are on the boat fishing. He tells them to throw their nets and they have a great catch. Like the first time He called them. Then, He prepares a fish-and-bread breakfast, then when everything is ready, He took the bread and gave it to them. Like the way He used to do things. As the communion hymn you requested us to sing: The Lord asks you, “Naaalala mo?” (Do you remember these things?)

Revelation is a remembering. And from this day, you, Nono will make people remember and recognize Jesus in the breaking of the bread.

Just as Jesus repeats the incident of His disciples’ first calling, let us recall a bit. Nono took Business Management at the Ateneo, but started to heed the call of the Lord more intensely when he became a member of the Ateneo Christian Life Community. I witnessed this pursuit as his spiritual companion. At that time, Nono drove a quaint yellow Beetle to get to our appointment. He did not use a boat and plied Marikina River as the first disciples in the Sea of Galilee, but like Peter, Andrew, James and John decades ago, Nono too heeded the invitation when Jesus said, “Come and see.”

True, it has been a long journey from the time Nono entered the novitiate on May 30, 1999 to this very day. Just as the miraculous catch of fish will never come about without Jesus’ words, so too we are asked to remember that, as Fr. Jojo Magadia, our Provincial, said yesterday, that God has called us first. That we are sent by the Lord, through the Society whom we are grateful for. Nono, you said this at the Cafe By the Ruins in Baguio: “Isa sa pinakamalaking biyaya ang pakiramdam na pinagkakatiwalaan at inaalagaan ka ng Kapisanan ni Hesus.”

Second, we are here to celebrate Easter and the easters of our lives. We are here to rejoice at Nono’s easter, as well as ours. We are here to share our stories of triumphs like the community of disciples gathered around the fire, while Jesus prepares our “breakfast” --- well to us, it’s dinner. What do we share? We share our common memory of Fr. Nono who have been a very faithful son, brother, friend, teacher, mentor, and companion to many of us. To many of us, Nono’s thoughtfulness is one of his endearing qualities.

His mom shares her story. When she worked abroad, Nono would constantly write her. She particularly remembers the one with Nono’s drawing of an airplane with him under it. She also remembers Nono with his bouquet of flowers, personally delivered to St. Luke’s Hospital as she could not leave the hospital on her birthday.

Fr. Nono, it is not just once that we hear people say that you have touched their lives. I personally will keep remembering the times when you made yourself available for me, and the times when I needed to talk to someone, and you have been there. And I am sure, there are also others who have been graced by your availability, constancy and friendship. In addition, thank you for the annual cards you send us, your family and friends. We still have them in our scrapbooks. Your mom, particularly, has one.

When Jesus instructed the disciples to put out the net into the deep for a great catch, He reminds us that we can gather people to the Lord at the very depths of their lives. One of the great privileges we have as priests is this: people become very vulnerable to us. They bare their souls. They tell us their secrets. They confess their sins. They allow us to enter into their very depths. We are present at the most crucial part of their lives: when they are baptized, when they married, when they are in great pain and tragedy, when they are weak and sick, and when they are about to die. And in these great moments, we are asked to bring God’s word of encouragement, consolation and hope. Our presence is to remind them of God’s presence.

And this is what I believe: You already possess the charisms to gather people. I have two proofs: Tombi came for your ordination. And he said, “to fly from LA to spend just a day here is worth it.” Unfortunately, Tombi couldn’t attend Nono’s Thanksgiving mass; right now he is at the Centennial airport, on his way home to his family in LA. [Note: Tombi’s flight was cancelled and he was able to attend. I didn’t notice him before the homily.]

And the second proof are the people here, all of us. We are gathered here because in many ways because Fr. Nono, you are part of our lives, and through you, we experienced God’s love for us. We are gathered in worship because we have a common memory of you, the Church and the Lord. As a priest, you in turn will gather more people around His altar. And how? By being just as endearing as you are.

Finally, we are here to wish Nono well in his mission. As we all know, his first frontier is the Philippine General Hospital, where his primary task is the care of the sick. And so Nono, it is in this great sea of suffering, your very own Tiberias, that you will encounter people in the very depths of their pain and gather them around the fire and food that the Lord has prepared for them.

In many cases, as Fr. Francis Alvarez SJ relates, bringing them to the Lord means literally sending them off in death. There was a day, he recalls, that the number of people who passed away was 27. Hindi ka pa natatapos sa isa, may tumatawag na sa iyo. You are on call. You will wake up in the middle of your sleep, by the needs of the flock. Fr. Pedro Arrupe SJ said, that whom you are in love with will decide everything. You do not own your life anymore; the shepherd’s life is determined by the sheep he tends. And when you get exhausted by the enormity of the work, by the emotional upheavals from the person at the threshold of death and the family around them, you will be asked by the Lord, as He asked Peter, “Do you love me, feed my sheep.” And every time, when the road darkens, and you find yourself ‘freezing’: remember what you said in your first year of regency, “Yes, Lord, I love you.” And this time, He will ask you not just three times, but all the time. And we all wish that at the end of the day, your answer is “Yes, Lord, you know that I love you.”

But then I recall what you’ve said, “What helps me from being overwhelmed is the chance to take care of people, to be brought out of my comfort zones. It prevents me from being self-absorbed.” And so here it is, when you find yourself freezing, all you need is a chance to be warm. However, I will say, don’t be just warm, but be hot: be as passionate as a person on fire. As passionate as you can get. The way you burn when in browsing through comic books and playing basketball.

“Nung bata pa si Nono, kapag natinik siya sa lalamunan, ito ang ginagawa niya: Tinatakpan niya ang kanyang tainga. At biro ko sa kanya kagabi: “Tsong, nasa leeg ang tinik, hindi diyan.” In many ways, it’s a good thing to talk about this. Priesthood is about being where the pain is; where the cross is. It is being where people need us most. Nono has a very good sense of humor: alaskador din yan. So, it is funny to remember that once he has been frustrated in high school for not being accepted in peer counseling; now it is God’s turn to laugh. You will need to open your ears and put your finger on the very wounds of others.

So let me end: Today, Fr. Bernardo de Hoyos SJ will be beatified in Valladolid, Spain. He is considered the first apostle of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in his country. And so it is fitting to let him give you an advice for the rest of your priestly life as a Jesuit. And it is for all of us as well. He said, “I see that everything in my heart is moving towards God, drawn like iron to a magnet. It desires only God, searches only for God, and longs only for God.”

Fr. Nono, we will pray that you will keep your gaze on God alone. And it is more than enough.

Congratulations!

We Are What We Remember

18 April 2010. 3rd Sunday of Easter
Acts 5, 27-41; Psalm 30; Rev 5, 11-14; John 21, 1-19


The Gospel begins by telling us that Jesus revealed himself to his disciples in this way. He appeared at Lake of Tiberias while his disciples were on the boat fishing. He told them to throw their nets and they had a great catch. Like the first time He called them. Then, He prepared a fish-and-bread breakfast, took them and gave it to them. Like the way He used to do.

Revelation is a remembering. His disciples remember Him for these things. Two disciples on their way to Emmaus recognized Jesus in the breaking of the bread. That is why the Eucharist is a remembering. In the breaking of the bread, we remember Jesus.

Second, we use familiar images. When we talk about our vocations, we use the image of the fishermen at sea and Jesus words, “From now on, you will be fishers of people.” When we talk about service, we use the image of the shepherd and His sheep. After being assured of Peter’s love, Jesus entrusts His sheep to him. The guiding image is that of a shepherd willing to die for his flock.

We reveal who we are by the things we habitually do. The TV series, Heroes, tells us that we are creatures of habit. We become what we repeatedly and frequently do. The remembering is a guiding light to us. We learn from our parents: the way they took care of us, sometimes becomes the guide on how we take care of our children.

In your life, how do you want people to remember you by? Perhaps, it is better to bring this question to a higher level. Some people choose their advocacies and are known to be experts in a specific area of concern. They don’t spread themselves thinly by becoming involved in thousands of causes.

There are many issues in the world that needs support: environmental issues such as global warming and biodiversity; economy and trade issues such as causes of poverty and foreign debt; human rights such as women issues and rights of indigenous people; geopolitics such as the war on terror; or health such as AIDS and global diseases.

Perhaps the modern way of becoming fishers of people or shepherds of a flock is simple. Jesus is the unchanging principle that we go back to. The Holy Spirit enables us to remember Jesus. But the way or the technique to become like Jesus in the modern world is up to our creativity --- assured as the song from the movie, The Cardinal, that every path leads to Him.

Nakatutok Ka ba sa Panginoon?

18 Abril 2010. Ika-3 Linggo ng Pasko ng Pagkabuhay
Acts 5, 27-41; Psalm 30; Rev 5, 11-14; Jn 21, 1-19


Note: This article appears in Pandesal 2010, the Bible Diary of Claretian Publication.

Nang bumalik sa Dagat ng Tiberias ang mga alagad upang mangisda, nakilala si Hesus ng alagad na mahal Niya. At nang marinig ni Pedro ang sigaw ng alagad, agad-agad siyang pumunta sa pampang. Nang pinagbawalan ng mga pinuno ng Sanhedrin na itigil ang pagtuturo nila ukol kay Hesus, sinagot sila ni Pedro na Diyos lamang ang dapat sundin kaysa tao. Nakatutok lamang ang ating mga mata sa Diyos.

Ngunit alam nating hindi madali ang pagtutok natin sa Diyos. Maraming umaagaw sa ating pansin. Marami tayong nakikitang nakaka-akit; mga naririnig na mas pinaguukulan natin ng panahon. Sari-saring damdamin ang nagiging hadlang upang makapagdasal. Ngunit may mga taong tumutulong upang hindi natin nakakalimutan ang Diyos sa ating mga buhay. Sila ang mga nag-iimbita sa atin upang sumali sa mga gawaing espirituwal. Pinapaalala nila sa atin na Diyos lamang ang ating susundin at walang makakapigil nito sa atin.

Kailangang Mo Bang Pumalaot Na?

17 Abril 2010. Sabado ng ika-2 Linggo ng Pasko ng Pagkabuhay
Acts 6, 1-6; Psalm 33; John 6, 16-21


Note: You will find this article in Pandesal, the 2010 Bible Diary of the Claretian Publications.

Upang maipalaganap ni Hesus ang mabuting balita, kailangan nilang tumawid sa kabilang ibayo ng dagat pa-Capernaum. Ngunit, sa pagpapalaot naging magalaw ang dagat at malakas ang ulan. Sa gitna ng kanilang takot, nakita nilang lumakad si Hesus sa tubig at sinamahan sila hanggang nakarating sila sa pampang.

May mga pagkakataong kailangang lisanin ang pinanggalingan upang makipagsapalaran sa ibayong lupa. Sa paglalakbay, haharapin ang unos ng kalungkutan at pagkahiwalay sa mga mahal sa buhay. Makikipagbuno sa mga kakailanganin sa aral o sa trabaho. Sa gitna ng ating mga hirap, sinasamahan tayo ni Hesus upang hindi tayo matangay ng nagagalit na alon at bagyo ng buhay.

Kapiraso Man ang Ating Naibabahagi

16 Abril 2010. Biyernes ng ika-2 Linggo ng Pasko ng Pagkabuhay.
Acts 5, 34-42; Psalm 27; John 6, 1-15


Note: You can find this article in Pandesal, the 2010 Bible Diary of the Claretian Publication. I wrote the daily reflections from April to June 2010.

Binusog ni Hesus ang limanlibo mahigit na tao. Pinakain Niya ang nagkatipon-tipong tao sa kapirasong tinapay at isda. At sa maliit na ibinahagi ng isang bata, marami pang natira. Bago ipinabigay ang limang tinapay na sebada, kinuha niya ito at nagpasalamat sa Diyos.

May ibabahagi ang bawat tao, gaano man ito kaliit. Kaya nating busugin ang pangangailangan ng maraming mga tao sa pamamagitan ng ating mga kakayahan. Kikilalanin muna natin ang ating mga galing. At bilang pasasalamat sa Diyos, hinahasa natin ang ating mga kakayahan upang maging mas mahusay ang paggamit nito sa paglilingkod. Pinapasaya ng maraming mang-aawit ang libo-libong taong nakikinig sa kanilang pagkanta. Dahil sa isang magaling na komedyante, nakakalimutan ng sandaang tao ang kanilang suliranin. Nagiging madali sa maraming tao ang pagtawid sa kabilang lalawigan dahil sa isang tulay na itinayo ng isang mahusay na manggagawa.

Kanino Ka Napapabilang?

Abril 15. Huwebes ng ika-2 Linggo ng Pasko ng Pagkabuhay.
Acts 5, 27-33; Psalm 34; John 3, 31-36


Note: This is article you will find in Pandesal 2010, the Bible diary of the Claretian Publication. I wrote the April - June reflections.

Nakikita ang ating pinanggalingan sa ating pananalita, pag-uugali at sa ating pakikitungo sa kapwa. Ang makalupa, makalupa din ang sinasabi. Maririnig natin sa kanya ang mga pinahahalagahan ng maka-mundo. Pagsisikapan niyang maging makapangyarihan kahit nakakaapak na siya ng kapwa tao. Hangad niyang sumikat at sa kanyang kasakiman, hindi niya tantantaning makuha ang kanyang kagustuhan.

Ngunit, pinapatunayan nang naparirito mula sa langit ang Salita ng Diyos. Pinahahalagahan ng taong nananampalataya sa Diyos ang mga bagay na maka-langit. Isinasabuhay nito ang kautusan ng Panginoon. Isinasalamin nito ang kabaitan ng Diyos sa kapwa. At hindi ito nawawalan ng pag-asa, kahit kapit na ito sa patalim. Kung tatanungin natin ang ating sarili, kanino tayo napapabilang?

Bakit Mas Mahal Natin ang Karimlan?

14 Abril 2010. Miyerkules ng ika-2 Linggo ng Pasko ng Pagkabuhay
Acts 4, 17-26; Psalm 34; John 3, 16-21


Note: You will find this article in Pandesal, a Claretian Publication.

Sabi ni Immanuel Kant, madali ang magpakasama. Mas mahal natin ang karimlan kaysa ang Liwanag. Nakasanayan na natin gawin ang ating mga paboritong kasalanan at mahirap iwasan o pawiin ang mga ito. Kung nabubunyag ang mga lamat sa ating buhay, nababagabag tayo. Hindi natin gustong malaman ng ating mga kaibigan ang nakakahiyang sikreto natin sa buhay dahil natatakot tayong iwanan nila.

Ngunit iba ang karanasan ng mga taong nagmahal at nagbahagi ng lahat sa kanilang buhay. Naging mas lumalim at totoo ang pagmamahal ng kanilang mga kaibigan sa kanila. Nang sumailalim sila sa liwanag, naging mas malaya at magaan ang kanilang kalooban. Ang kapangyarihan at pagmamahal ng Diyos ang nakatulong upang makatawid sa liwanag. Ano-anong mga nakasanayan nating gawin ang kailangan na nating ibasura upang magbagong-buhay?

Gamot Sa Mismong Lason

13 Abril 2010. Martes ng ika-2 Linggo ng Pasko ng Pagkabuhay
Acts 4, 32-37; Psalm 93; John 3, 7-15


Note: This article appears in Pandesal from Claretian Publications. I wrote all the reflections from April to June 2010. My apologies to non-Filipino readers. I will post English articles too.

Itinaas ni Moises ang ahas na gawa sa tanso sa disyerto. Gumaling ang mga taong tumingin dito. Ngunit, ang ahas na itinaas ni Moises ang siyang sanhi ng pagkamatay ng mga Israelita. Gayun din ang gagawin nating hangad ang pagbabagong-buhay. Ibabaling natin ang ating sarili sa Panginoon lamang.

Ang lunas sa kagat ng ahas natatagpuan sa mismong lason nito. Maraming gamot na nagpapagaling sa iba’t ibang klaseng karamdaman natuklasan sa mismong nakakalasong tanim. Sa ating buhay, ang tamang tugon sa sari-saring problema natatagpuan sa mga aral na nakukuha natin sa karanasan natin sa parehong uri ng suliranin. Kung pera ang problema, binabalikan natin kung paano nating hinarap noon ang ganitong uri ng hirap. Si Hesus mismo ang sanhi ng pagkabagabag natin kapag tayo’y nagkakasala; ngunit ang kapayapaan ng ating sarili nakakamit sa mismong pagpapatawad ng Panginoon.

Nagtatanong Ka Ba?

12 Abril 2010. Lunes ng ika-2 linggo ng Pasko ng Pagkabuhay.
Acts 4, 23-31; Psalm 2; John 3, 1-8

Note: This article appears in Pandesal from Claretian Publications. I wrote all the reflections from April to June 2010. My apologies to non-Filipino readers. Will post English articles too.

Isang Pariseo at isang pinuno ng mga Judio si Nicodemo. Isang gabi, pinuntahan niya si Hesus upang magtanong kung paano makakapasok ang isang tao sa kaharian ng Diyos. Kailangang mabinyagan siya sa Espiritu, sagot ni Hesus. Sa sulat ni Juan, mahalaga ang dilim at liwanag. Nasa kadiliman pa lamang si Nicodemo dahil hindi nito batid ang maraming bagay sa pananampalataya; dahil dito, nagtanong siya kay Hesus na nagpaliwanag sa kanya.

Maraming tayong mga katanungan sa buhay-espirituwal. Natatakot tayong magtanong dahil inaakala natin na mahina ang ating pananampalataya kung marami tayong hindi maunawaan. Kaya nananatili tayo sa dilim. Nagkukulang tayo sa pag-unawa sa ating pinaniniwalaan. Subalit, ipinakita ni Nicodemo kung paanong natatagpuan ang kasagutan: sa pagsasangguni sa tunay na Liwanag. Hinanap na ba natin kay Hesus ang sagot sa ating mga katanungan sa buhay?

Grief, Acceptance and Peace

11 April 2010. 2nd Sunday of Easter
Acts 5, 12-16; Psalm 118; Rev 1, 9-19; John 20, 19-31


When Jesus comes to our life, His arrival is experienced as peace. Peace is what Jesus gives. Peace is what we receive when our faith is deep and complete. Our heart rests peacefully despite the many trials that disturb our lives.

When grief comes to our lives, it disturbs us. That is precisely what Thomas went through. Thomas expected death. In fact, when Jesus proposed to go to Bethany, two miles from Jerusalem, he reacted “Let us all go, that we may die with him” (Jn 11:16). But Thomas was a natural pessimist. He undoubtedly loved Jesus very much that he was willing to go to Jerusalem and die with him. And when what he expected happened, when Jesus whom he loved died on the cross, he was grief-stricken, broken-hearted, and in despair. And, like some of us, Thomas had to face his grief and despair alone. Thus, when Jesus appeared at the Upper Room, he was not there. Thomas was absent. So when the disciples told him, he did not believe unless he could see with his own eyes the print of the nails, and stretch his hands and put it at his wounded side.

This is understandable. When we are so caught up by our grief, we, like Thomas, begin to doubt, to despair and to become disheartened. Not that we lack courage. Not that we have not loved enough. Not that we are unwilling to do the task. Maybe, we are just too wounded, that is why we doubt. When we are in pain, we sometimes ask, “Where is God?” And so Jesus appears to Thomas and identifies himself by his very wounds: Look at my wounds. Put your hands into my side. I am He! To answer Thomas’ question, Jesus showed them His wounds.

Our very wounds, our very despair, our very grief forms us into who and what we are. The many failures in life can make a person courageous and strong; while in another can make him negative and pessimistic. Numerous heartaches a person encounters might make a person calloused and unable to love; or make a person mature in the experience of loving. Who we are now tells us how we have reacted or responded to many of life’s difficulties.

When Thomas places his hands into the wounds of Jesus, and accepts what had happened, Thomas confesses, what scholars regard as the summary of the four Gospels, “My Lord and my God!” Our God does not remove pain, He becomes wounded with us. Our God does not take away our problems, He accompanies us.

Thus, it is in acceptance that many of our heartaches turn into peace. When we have accepted the eventuality of our sickness and death, we begin to be at peace. When we are able to accept the situation of our families, we begin to be at peace. When we start to accept our status in our life, we gain peace. When we are able to accept our limitations and weaknesses, we are at peace.

Ang Patunay ng Di Nakikita


11 Abril 2010. Ika-2 Linggo ng Pasko ng Pagkabuhay
Acts 5, 12-16; Psalm 118; Revelation 1, 9-19; John 20, 19-31



Note: I have written short reflections in PANDESAL 2010, a Claretian Publication for the months of April, May and June. I will post these little reflections daily, so we have, if not in English, a reflection in Filipino. My apologies for those non-Filipino speakers. I will continue to post English homilies too.


Upang maniwala ang mga alagad na hindi Siya espiritu, ipinakita ni Hesus ang kanyang mga sugat sa kamay at paa. Sa isang larawan ni Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio, pininta nito si Tomas na nakatutok sa isang sugat sa tagiliran ni Hesus. Hinawakan ng isang kamay nito ang nakahiwang balat. Tinawag ang larawang ito na "The Incredulity of Saint Thomas".

May kasabihan na maniniwala lang tayo kapag nakita natin ito sa dalawa nating mata. Pinagdududahan natin ang mga bagay na hindi natin nahahawakan at nakikita. Ganito ang patunay ng agham. Ngunit maraming mga bagay ang hindi nakikita na tunay at totoo, parang hangin na di nakikita pero nararamdaman. Mahirap mapatunayan ang pag-asa, pag-ibig at pananampalataya, kundi sa mga taong isinabuhay at naranasan ito. Ito ang sinabing “witnessing”. Pinapatotoo natin ang halaga ng pag-ibig sa mga ginagawa natin sa ating minamahal. Pinapatunay natin ang pag-asa kapag hindi tayo nagpapatalo sa mga suliranin ng ating buhay.

Kung Matigas ang Iyong Ulo

10 Abril 2010. Sabado ng Oktaba ng Pasko ng Pagkabuhay.
Acts 4, 13-21; Psalm 118; Mark 16, 9-15



Note: I have written short reflections in PANDESAL 2010, a Claretian Publication for the months of April, May and June. I will post these little reflections daily, so we have, if not in English, a reflection in Filipino. My apologies for those non-Filipino speakers. I will continue to post English homilies too.

Iba’t ibang kuwento ng pagpapakita ni Hesus ang naririnig ng mga alagad sa kanilang mga kasama. Ngunit, hindi madali silang naniwala dahil “matigas ang kanilang puso” kaya nagpakita si Hesus sa kanila. Kailangang lubusang kumbinsido ang mga alagad upang magawa nila ang kanilang misyong upang “pumunta sa buong daigdig at ipahayag ang ebanghelio sa buong sangkinapal.”

Kung susuyurin natin ang ating buhay, ilang beses na natin narinig ang mga kuwento ng pagliligtas ng Diyos sa mga pagbasa sa biblia. Ilang beses natin sinasabi sa ibang tao ang tindi ng ating pananampalataya sa Diyos. Subalit, nakikita sa ating mga gawa ang ating pagdududa o pagkukulang sa pananampalataya.

Anong bahagi sa ating pananampalataya ang may kadiliman at kailangan natin ang Panginoon upang bigyan ilaw ito?

Nagkakabigkis sa Iisang Kuwento

9 Abril 2010. Biyernes ng Oktaba ng Pasko ng Pagkabuhay
Acts 4, 1-12; Psalm 118; John 21, 1-14


Note: I have written short reflections in PANDESAL 2010, a Claretian Publication for the months of April, May and June. I will post these little reflections daily, so we have, if not in English, a reflection in Filipino. My apologies for those non-Filipino speakers. I will continue to post English homilies too.

Bilang pagbubunyag ng Kanyang sarili, inulit ni Hesus ang mga pangyayari sa nakaraan. Tulad ng una nilang pagtatagpo, muli Niyang sinariwa ang karanasang ito pagkatapos ng Kanyang muling pagkabuhay. Sa tabing-dagat ng Tiberias, nagkatipon-tipon muli ang mga alagad tulad ng dati. Sama-sama silang nag-almusal ng inihaw na isda at pira-pirasong tinapay.

Tulad nito ang pagtitipon ng mga barkada o dating kaklase. Tuwing nagkikita-kita, pinaguusapan at binabalik-balikan ang mga alaala na nagbibigkis sa kanila. Sa pagsasama, lumalalim ang pagkakaisa at pagmamahal nila sa isa’t isa. Sa ating panahon, unti-unti nang lumalaho ang mga pagkakataong magkasabay ang pamilya sa hapag-kainan o ang panahon para sa kaibigan. Ang kanya-kanyang buhay nagiging kultura sa pangkasalukuyan. Paano ba natin sinasariwa at pinapalalim ang ating mga ugnayan?

Makikila Natin ang Sarili sa Ating mga Sugat

8 Abril 2010. Huwebes ng Oktaba ng Pasko ng Pagkabuhay
Acts 3, 11-26; Psalm 8; Lucas 24, 35-48


Note: I have written short reflections in PANDESAL 2010, a Claretian Publication for the months of April, May and June. I will post these little reflections daily, so we have, if not in English, a reflection in Filipino. My apologies for those non-Filipino speakers. I will continue to post English homilies too.

Ipinakilala ni Hesus ang kanyang sarili sa pamamagitan ng kanyang mga sugat sa kamay, sa mga pinaglagusan ng pako at sugat sa tagiliran. Aniya Hesus, “Ako nga siya.” At nawala ang pagdududa ng mga alagad at nakilala siya.

Sa isang banda, ang ating mga sugat ang sanhi ng pagkakilala natin sa ating sarili. Kung kinagisnan natin ang pamilyang watak-watak, mahirap magtiwala at natatakot tayong iwanan. Kung paano tayong pinalaki ng ating mga magulang, ganyan din ang ipapasa natin sa ating mga anak. Pinaparusahan ang mali, ginagantimpalaan ang tama. Dahil ayaw natin ng parusa, iniiwasan nating ulitin ang pagkakamali.

Ngunit, kung lumaki tayo sa isang nagmamahalan na pamilya, madali sa atin ang maging mapagmalasakit. Sa ating buhay, paano ba hinubog ng ating mga sugat ang ating sarili?

Ang Inakalang Namatay

7 Abril 2010. Miyerkoles ng Oktaba ng Pasko ng Pagkabuhay.
Acts 3, 1-10; Psalm 105; Lucas 24, 13-35


Note: I have written short reflections in PANDESAL 2010, a Claretian Publication for the months of April, May and June. I will post these little reflections daily, so we have, if not in English, a reflection in Filipino. My apologies for those non-Filipino speakers. I will continue to post English homilies too.

Magkasama ang dalawang alagad na nagbabahagi ng kanilang kabiguan sa nangyari sa Jerusalem. Naglalakad silang pauwi. At sinabayan sila ni Hesus. Tulad ni Maria Magdalena, hindi rin Siya nakilala ng mga alagad. Pinaliwanag ni Hesus ang mga nakasulat ukol sa Kanya at sa nangyaring pagpapako sa krus. At habang naglalakad, nag-aalab ang kanilang puso at pinatuloy nila sa Hesus sa kanilang tahanan. Doon, nabuksan ang kanilang mga mata nang nakilala nila Siya sa pagpipiraso ng tinapay.

Nakikila natin ang isang tao sa mga bagay na nakakasanayan nating nakikita sa kanila. Halimbawa, sa kanilang ibang klaseng paglalakad, sa hugis ng kanilang katawan, sa nakaugalian nilang ginagawa sa pagtitimpla ng kape. Sa tuwing nagkakasama tayo sa misa at nakikibahagi tayo sa Salita ng Diyos at sa pagpipiraso ng tinapay, inaalala natin ang Panginoon na laging sinasabayan tayo sa paglalakbay sa buhay.

Kapag Nabulag ng Luha

6 Abril 2010. Martes ng Oktaba ng Pasko ng Pagkabuhay.
Acts 2, 36-41; Psalm 33; John 20, 11-18

Note: I have written short reflections in PANDESAL 2010, a Claretian Publication for the months of April, May and June. I will post these little reflections daily, so we have, if not in English, a reflection in Filipino. My apologies for those non-Filipino speakers. I will continue to post English homilies too.

Sa lalim ng kanyang dalamhati, hindi nakilala ni Maria si Hesus. Akala niya, Siya ang hardinero. At nang tinawag Siya ni Hesus sa kanyang pangalan, nabuksan ang kanyang mata. Napawi ang dalamhati at napalitaan ito ng tuwa. Dahil dito, si Maria ang unang alagad na nagbalita sa muling pagkabuhay ni Hesus.

Hindi natin agad-agad nakikita ang liwanag sa gitna ng ating mga kapighatian. Kapag sariwa pa ang sugat, hindi natin unang kailangan ang isang paliwanag. Kailangan ng panahon at kaibigan upang samahan tayo sa ating pagluha. Kailangang pahupain muna ang mga masisidhing damdamin, kaya kailangan natin ng yakap ng kapuso o kapamilya. Sila ang mga taong personal na nakakakilala sa atin, ang “tumatawag sa ating mga pangalan.” Kapag may karamay, gumagaan ang ating kalooban at mas madaling umahon sa mga trahedya sa buhay.

Bayaran

5 Abril 2010. Lunes ng Oktaba ng Pasko ng Pagkabuhay.
Acts 2, 14-33; Psalm 16; Matthew 28, 8-15


Note: I have written short reflections in PANDESAL 2010, a Claretian Publication for the months of April, May and June. I will post these little reflections daily, so we have, if not in English, a reflection in Filipino. My apologies for those non-Filipino speakers. I will continue to post English homilies too.

Pera ang ginamit upang itago ang katotohanang nabuhay muli ang Panginoon. Binayaran ng mga punong-pari at matatanda ng bayan ang mga sundalo upang ipalaganap na ninakaw ng mga alagad ang bangkay ni Hesus bilang patunay na nabuhay Siyang muli. Ginawa ito upang hindi sila mapahamak sa gobernador, at upang hindi sila magmukhang tanga sa mga tao.

Laganap ang kuwentong ito sa ating lipunan. Makikita natin ang sari’t-saring mga balita ng pagtatakip ng katotohanan; iba’t ibang tao ang nababayaran upang magsinungaling sa korte o sa media. Ang nagnakaw ng limpak-limpak ang nagiging santo; ang mga nakakaalam ng katotohanan, ginagawa nilang sinungaling. Nguni’t sa kabila ng lahat, lumalabas pa rin ang katotohanan sa paglipas ng panahon. Hindi nananaig ang kasamaan sa mundong iniligtas ng Diyos.

An Easter Wish: I Want to be Naked

4 April 2010 Easter Sunday
Acts 10, 34-43; Psalm 118; Col 3, 1-4 or 1 Cor 5, 6-8; John 20, 1-9/ Luke 24, 1-12/ Luke 24, 13-25


I want to be naked. I want to strip off my garments and dance spontaneously at the altar of the Lord like King David. This free and spontaneous expression of joy may be frowned upon by the prudish like Michal, the daughter of Saul. But in Scripture, God sided with David and in fact appreciated this carefree abandon.

I will not be surprised if you are scandalized by the first paragraph. If you are, then good. You can hear me laughing.

Nonetheless, I am serious. I wear different clothes. I am a man of the cloth. I bear an image of what priests are expected to be. I also carry the weight of being a Jesuit. People do have expectations of what we are. And it is not easy to be a representative of the Church --- or of God. It is harder to become an alter Christus and act in persona Christi. How, in our wildest imagination, can we come even closer to what and who God is? Cmon, you self-righteous, you who say, “But I HAVE to be.” Let me tell you this: “Woe, to you, Pharisees! You hyprocrites!”

Well, I have a secret, concealed under my clothes: I find it difficult even to pray. Now the truth is out.

When I pray, I squat on the floor, sitting with my knees bent and my buttocks touching my heels. Like Buddha or Mahatma Gandhi. I like to lean on the wall to support my back. I rest my hands on my knees, do breathing exercises to relax, and remember I am always in the presence of God. And then I pick up the matter for prayer. And often, my prayer is not inspiring. There are more times when it is dry and desolate. Like waiting for an hour without a cellphone to know “wer u?” and until it dawns on you, he’ll never come.

Aside from the “Our Father” He taught us, I know Jesus said that praying is hard. We have to knock, and knock, and knock. And then, when no one opens the door, we have to try harder and thus, we hammer it repeatedly. And when there’s no one on the other side prying into the locks, but we know someone’s there, we pound on it with all our might, until we hear the begrudging sound of someone dragging his feet to the door. The door is suddenly opened only after great persistence.

It is therefore a major thing when one prays. And because it is challenging, hard and difficult, praying sometimes becomes a planning session. I find myself meditating on what to do during the day, what requests to grant, appointments to take. It also becomes an emotional event: licking the wounds of yesterdays, imagining talking to a significant other/s like a scene in a cheesy movie. There are more temptations to abandon the meditation and revert to just reading the breviary, telling myself: “at least it’s just 15 minutes of my time” and I can speed it up by doing sight reading which I do when engaging a novel. A quarter of an hour is far better controlled than waiting for an hour, uncertain of what will come.

That’s why I don’t envy the soldiers who guarded Jesus’ tomb. After the rock has been rolled, the tomb has been closed, these centurions stood guard, not knowing what will happen. But at least, something has happened to them when Jesus rose from the dead.

On hindsight, I realized why the older folks, formed in the old school, are more at ease with praying. They never had cellphones, they trusted on each other’s words, and they know what it means to wait. Unfortunately, for an ultra-urban man as I, waiting is a waste of time. Not that waiting is bad. Self-help books said that you can turn waiting into an opportunity. Do something. Be productive. Take out a book. Or out with your cellphone: jot down notes, work virtually, or upload a picture in Facebook. What I do often is to log on to Twitter. By doing so, I add another outfit: I have a virtual personality!

The layered outfit, though fashionable these days, can get too uncomfortable for some time. I just want to take single item out. I want to get naked. The more clothes I wear, the more difficult it is to be vulnerable to God.

Sometimes even the Church’s book of prayers, can prevent you from being stark naked. Most of us are never at ease being vulnerable. So you take it, and mumble the words. But there is something about this book of prayers. If I take the breviary, I honestly skip some parts of the psalms that talks about violence. The psalms have a certain rawness; a certain honesty that is repulsive and at the same time attractive.

Repulsive because if we focus and read them, we encounter the psalmist who acts like a wimpy kid telling God to kill his enemies, to crush the heads of their children to the wall. Psalm 27 says, “Happy shall he be who takes your little ones and dashes them against the rock!” How violent can the psalmist get! Can we ever imagine telling God to behead the children of our enemies? Can we even imagine telling God that we’re angry at Him because He did not grant our prayers despite the constant pounding on His door? Many of us even confess how we hate themselves for just being angry! We can’t bring ourselves and be blunt to tell God, that we have been religious and faithful, and granting a little favor is nothing compared to the millions we donated and services we rendered.

But that rawness is attractive because the psalmist --- often believed to be King David, or whoever --- is so very, very honest to God. Naked. Nude. Without clothes. He can tell God what he wants to say, without the fear of being judged. He can be brutal, gritty, unvarnished and graphic. He can be undisguised, intense, passionate, and unconcealed before the presence of God. Remember Adam and Eve who walked and conversed with God before the Fall? They were great friends; there were no communication barriers. But it all ended when they noticed they were naked, and so they put on leaves to cover their nakedness. So, to pray to God is to bring back the spontaneity of David and the nakedness of our first parents.

If they were able to do that, so could we. And so can I. If there is one place where we can be who we are, it is in God’s presence. And if a chapel, a prayer corner or a church is the area we designate for the sacred, then it is during worship, whether private or public, can we be uninhibited and unrestrained with the naked truth.

As a priest, I have to pray. If I say the Eucharistic Prayer, I lift my arms towards God. I do not pray to the congregation (though some priests do). I pray because I lift up to God the raw desires of my people. I can do that because that is the privilege of my vocation: people uncover their hearts to me.

In prayer, I can be fervent and feverish, valuable and violent, meek and monstrous.

In prayer, I face the greatest freedom. Like being without clothes. It is no accident that the Easter proof of the Resurrection are the clothes laid on the tomb, an empty tomb. Thus, when Christ resurrected, He was naked. Jesus returned to His Father just as He is. The Son is at home.

Job once cried, "Naked I came forth from my mother's womb, and naked shall I go back again... Blessed be the name of the LORD!" (Job 1, 21). At Easter, I want to be naked. I want to be home. Isn’t this what Jesus did when we rose from the dead? He brought us home.

And at home, I am simply Jboy. Nothing else.

How We Share the Passion of Christ On Good Friday

How We Share the Passion of Christ on Good Friday

Note: an article about Good Friday rituals, the Filipino way. A Bicolano priest's perspective while in the Jesuit mission in Culion, Palawan. Now published in the Philippine Online Chronicles (POC)

Good Friday is never a day of pleasure. On this day, Filipinos are open to sacrifice. They will choose the more difficult penance than any other day of the year. This day seems to be the hottest, even if it is not confirmed by PAGASA. They would forego cravings for a cold refreshment or a desire for rest and relaxation. In Culion, Palawan, all videokes are mute. Because on this day, every individual leaves their usual chores to share and imitate the suffering and death of Christ.

The rituals of Good Friday is communal. The day begins early morning for participants of Alay Lakad, the long walk for God to the Shrine of the Nuestra Senora de Bienviaje (Our Lady of Good Voyage) at the Cathedral of Antipolo, Rizal. Some begin walking the night before. Popular to the young, the long trek combines physical rigor and human company. It is at once a time for God as a time with friends; a time for atonement as a time for enjoyment.

In fact, Good Friday is a multi-layered experience. On this day, the smell is earthy: the smoldering road is combined with human sweat. The sight of devotees whose hands are clasps in earnest prayer reminds us that this day is holy. When the hour of Christ’s death strikes, the atmosphere then turns to be dry and dreary. Good Friday is a long day, but we don’t mind.

And when every thing is brown and bare, we know that it is the perfect time to show, even for once, that the God who died for us, deserves our attention. And so we focus on the Via Dolorosa, the road of sorrow. Families and friends visit holy places to do the Stations of the Cross. Those who visit churches will move from one station to the other, reciting every episode of the Passion and kneeling every time they utter, “For through the holy cross, you have redeemed the world.”

But some take it to heart. They prefer the longer penance: the longer the trek to the last station, the better. So people trek mountains or climb hills to get to the top where the last station is. Now, our penchant for the hardest is satisfied with an additional station ecclesiastically approved by the Church. Like the additional Mystery of Light in the rosary, we now have an additional station: the Resurrection. The Church teaches that we cannot separate the cross from the resurrection; there are sufferings at the back of every triumph. Thus, climbing Mt. Hibok-hibok in Camiguin Island off the coast of Misamis Oriental is a challenge but also a test of one’s fervor. The person who reaches the top experiences Easter.

At around eight in the morning, the sinakulo, a play about the passion and death of Christ is acted in some towns until three in the afternoon of Good Friday. The roles of each character is gladly taken by townsfolk that those who are part of the cast begin to prepare themselves with some sacrifices before they assume their roles.

However, in most towns and now in cities, the passion and death of Christ is not acted, but read or sung. In Manila, you hear the Pasyon being chanted. It’s music ranges from the archaic to the tune of “One Way Ticket” of Boney M. In fact, one of the melodies of the Pasyon is the tagulaylay. The tagulaylay is the chant that nears the crucifixion scene. Its “melody” is difficult to put into a musical score because it does not have a time signature or a tempo, but it is sung like the a warbler’s call: like someone in intense pain.

As you walk the streets of towns, you’ll be lucky to meet local Kristos, male and female, in penitensiya, clad in the purple garb of the Black Nazarene with a hood and a crown of thorns on their head. In Pampanga, Bulacan and Rizal, these people wear a crown of branches and leaves; but in Kalayaan, Rizal, they decorate the crown with flowers, called the haplit. Perhaps this is indeed the meaning of Good Friday. For a person who suffers in the carrying of one’s cross, one can already see the triumph of Easter. Just as we know that a student who burns the midnight oil is guaranteed to graduate; so too we know that when we carry our own crosses in following Christ, salvation is granted. Christ said that those who take up their crosses and follow Him will gain eternal life. It is what the haplit teaches us: the crown of thorns will soon come to full bloom.

At the peak of the day, people begin to flock to the church for the Seven Last Words which commences around one in the afternoon. After the prayer remembering the words of Jesus on the cross, a 20-minute reflection follows. All these end at three.

In whatever form of sacrifice we take, or whatever event we participate in, everything stops at the holiest of hours. At three-o’clock in the afternoon, Christ dies.

At this hour, the official liturgy of the Church begins: the Good Friday Service. It is not a mass because God is “dead.” All crosses and images of saints are covered. There are no altar cloths, candles, flowers, bells and even the final blessing until Easter Sunday. And just Jesus have been stripped of His garments, so too all altars of churches are stripped bare. Priests prostrate themselves on the floor while people join the long line to kiss the cross of Christ.

After the service, people pour out of the church and begin choosing which among the images they like to follow for the procession. Led by the image of St. Peter, the people including the machos who don’t attend Sunday masses carry candles. To these people, Good Friday is the only exception to show their soft spot. But the center of the procession is not St. Peter, but the Santo Entierro, the image of the dead Christ. The procession pauses when the Santo Entierro passes a station designated around town by the parish priest. At dusk, the procession ends in the church where many would fight for the flowers of the images. They believe that these flowers are like amulets; they could ward off evil.

In Bicol and in the island of Culion, Palawan, the event does not end here. The Mater Dolorosa, the image of Our Lady of Sorrows, again embarks on a journey of her own, taking the processional route but beginning from where it ended. That is why it is called, Soledad. The belief is that in her sorrow, she retraced the steps of her Son alone, thus sharing the suffering He underwent. The Mater Dolorosa then ends her journey in the church. Those who followed her in Soledad, also followed her in silence. No words or music can console the Mother of the dead Christ. Theology teaches us that the one and only person who shared most intimately the suffering of Christ is His mother.

As the church end its para-liturgies, there are individuals who take Good Friday as a day of magic. They would spend time at the cemetery to find amulets and “live stones” (buhay na bato). It is said that on Good Friday, one finds visible a ball of fire that leaves stones that could ward off evil. In Culion, Palawan, the Church of the Immaculate Conception is situated on a cliff facing Coron island. Fr. Florge Sy, SJ, the parish priest, attests that from the church, one sees tiny lights appear around the numerous islands off the coast of Coron, traveling to the tip of its mountains. People believe these lights are from another dimension.

Good Friday then is indeed multi-dimensional. We find the magical mixed with mortification. We find animistic elements embedded in the practices of Christianity. We find in the depth of friendship, the fire of faith. On this day, the Church celebrates community. Just as funerals bring together families and friends, Good Friday builds Christ’s Church. Community is forged by a common sorrow.

That is why the pleasures people let go of on Good Friday can be easily refrained from. By mortification, the faithful follow the Church in atoning for their sins. Disciplining the body makes us more sensitive to the Spirit---until next year.

At the end of the hottest day of the year, the common person may be too tired from all the rituals, that they are more than happy to hit the bed --- but without taking a bath. Why? Bathing is a cultural pleasure. Foregoing one’s pleasure on the day of the Lord’s death is an abnegation of the will.

So, even if we find it uncomfortable to sleep without the usual cleansing, we are content to think that we too are doing our own version of the penitensiya to the last drop.

However, this is good if we sleep in our own room.

But many Filipinos sleep together. While we indeed share Christ’s death, we are reminded that Christ who died said that charity is over and above everything. So, the people whom we are with do not have to suffer too from our smell.

So as a priest, I will tell you with all my conviction: take a bath. It’s good on Good Friday.

The Flagellants & Kristos of Lent: Simple Folks Keep the Faith

The flagellants and ‘Kristos’ of Lent: simple folks keep the faith

Note: An article about Filipino culture. For Good Friday. Published at the Philippine Online Chronicles (POC)

If there is any liturgical season in the Philippines that has character and culture, it is Lent. We hear the pabasa, with chants that date back centuries ago. Spectacular processions and rituals are performed during the season. But on Good Friday, everyone leaves his various concerns and participate in the very death of Christ: the Seven Last Words, the Good Friday service, the procession around town, and in some provinces like Bicol, the Soledad when the Mater Dolorosa retraces the processional path back to the church.

It is the Catholic way of going through slices of what Christ went through for love of us. True, we are called upon to feel as the Lord felt, to love as the Lord loved. But we are not required to literally undergo the physical pains. Not the flogging, nor the carrying of the cross, least of all the crucifixion.

Christ literally imitated

But even as most of us are devoted to our imitation of Christ, others are driven to push its interpretation literally. Thus, we get to see the penitensiya, where the flagellants honor the death of Christ by flogging themselves or having others whip them. We see them moving around town with torsos bare and their backs bloodied. And often, a companion would incise their swollen back muscles with a broken glass as in Bulacan, or with a razor as in Laguna.

While being whipped, lashed and gashed, the penitents would visit holy places like chapels or homes where the pabasa or the pasyon is chanted. And when it is over, usually at noontime, they would rush to the nearest body of water to bathe themselves. In Mindoro, they rush to the sea. They say salt water heals their wounds. And many of them quickly return to their daily chores including playing basketball with their friends in the afternoon.

In some parts of Laguna, boys would wrap themselves in banana leaves and roll on the ground to feel the smoldering summer heat roasting the road, then prostrate themselves in the form of the cross. And then their companion (taga-sunod) would whip their buttocks. Compared to the penitensiya, this type called tinggulong, is less bloody, but no less painful.

However, those who go through flogging and the tinggulong stop short at being nailed to the cross.

There are penitents who do, if only for a few minutes. These are called the ‘Kristos.” Those who take their panata to the extreme.

Taking imitation to the extreme

Blood seems to be critical in crucifixion (as well as in flagellation).

The more blood coming out from their sacrifice, the more likely they are to reach a trance-like state. They find themselves floating or flying and many would faint or seem to faint. Fr. Jaime Bulatao SJ, who teaches para-psychology at the Ateneo de Manila University, confirms that in an altered state of consciousness, a person in a trance may appear to faint or to lose consciousness (nawawalan ng malay).

These extreme penitents, nevertheless, would make sure that the nails are drenched in alcohol or they would take antibiotics to prevent tetanus. And yes, as soon as the nails are driven to their hands and feet, they are taken away right away, for fear they may die in the process.

The participants of these rituals are not male-dominated. Females are known to do the penitensiya or the tinggulong especially in Bulacan or the world-renowned mystical place at Mount Banahaw. They wear the robes of the Black Nazarene and sometimes with curly wigs over their hair. In some parts, hoods cover their heads or flowers decorate their crown of thorns.

One female Kristo is Lucia Reyes. She says she prefers to have more blood expelled in the ritual because it is cleansing.

What brings the Kristos into these bloody rituals?

Jesuit origin of flagellatio

According to Fr. Rene Javellana SJ. when the Jesuits came to the Philippines, they taught the new converts the Jesuit way of life, which included the practice of Jesuit discipline. Jesuit discipline traced its inspiration to the Spiritual Exercises of St. Ignatius. In the 3rd Week of the Exercises when we contemplated on the Passion of Christ, Ignatius left a note to consider: if inspired to feel as the Lord felt in His Passion, we were given the choice to feel it literally. Thus, the use of the flagellatio and/or the catena. You whip yourself with the flagellatio while praying, or you put the chains with protruding thorns (catena) around your thighs so that when you walk you feel its discomfort. By doing so, you share the sufferings of Christ.

Fr. Javellana went on to say that the locals took to the practice readily, but eventually added their own to the practice. The attitude was still part of Jesuit discipline. Ignatius said, if you are to do something for Christ, choose the stricter way. So, not just the flagellatio but the crucifixion.

Very Pinoy and panata-based

Behind every penitensiya today is a vow called a panata. Fernando N. Zialcita said in his article in the book, Cuaresma, that “faced with a serious problem, the devotee promises the Almighty a painful sacrifice in exchange for help.” (Cuaresma, p. 155) At the very least, we find this panata close to the consciousness of the Filipino. In exchange for passing the bar exams, many law students who used to claim to disdain religion or even doubt the existence of God, would return to church, attend mass daily, light candles in churches who honor St. Jude or Sta. Rita, the patrons of impossible cases. They would promise never to disrespect God in exchange for passing the bar exams. In other words, they are willing to throw away their old lifestyles for something they value more. Magnify this, and you get a picture of the consciousness of those who are willing to literally sacrifice for something or someone they love.

And so the penitent becomes a devotee. They know whom they are devoted to that they are willing to give their lives and to suffer in order that the people they love gain back their health or restore their lives into normalcy. The penitent therefore flog themselves to show the sincerity and authenticity of their deepest desires for their loved ones or to fulfill their promise to the Lord after receiving what they have longed for. It is, in many ways, a show of their debt of gratitude (utang na loob) to a very generous and loving God. Our culture has it that a big favor granted should be reciprocated with an equal or a greater amount of sacrifice.

Priestly ambivalence

The attitude of the church to these Lenten practices is ambivalent. As a priest, I feel the same. On one hand, I frown at the literal interpretation of it and cringe at the sight of blood literally dripping from their backs to the road that willingly sips whatever liquid it could find on the hottest day of the year. To me, atoning for one’s sins does not have to reach that far: a mild deprivation such as abstinence and fasting, a few minutes in the confessional, and some meaningful work of charity are enough remedy to free ourselves from the enslavement of sin.

Personally I would give my whole life at the service of people, but not to be crucified literally as Jesus did. Judge me as having a little faith, but that’s it.

On the other hand, I find the extent and intensity of these penitents’ fervor laudable and personally humbling. Compared to them, I may indeed be a lesser Christian. If I can’t do what they do on Good Friday or on any Fridays in the season of Lent, then there is more to it than what I see. Many of these penitents do not belong to the higher echelons of society. Neither are they educated in the halls of Theology or Liturgy.


People’s sense of faith

But Church history and Ecclesiology tell us that when the hierarchy was plagued by scandals and the men and women of the church wavered in their effort to explain the faith, the laity in which these penitents and participants belong to, preserved and carried the faith when the leaders of the church could not. In the past, when priests were not able to go the farthest barrios, the simple folk devised their pabasa, so that they were able to read and sing Christ’s Passion Narratives. With the phrasing and simple melodies of the Pasyon’s chants, they embedded in their memory the Scriptures, like the people of the Old Testament did with their oral traditions. So that even within the limits of their knowledge, they were able to build their lives according to Christ. They were able to do what St. Ignatius of Loyola, the founder of the Jesuits, urged us to pray for: to inwardly feel what the Lord felt in His life in order to follow Him more closely.

In the Philippine Lenten observance, Ignatius’ words were not just done in imagination.

Today, these rituals and the people who perform the penitensiya or the tinggulong witness to Divine Providence. When Church leaders fail, the Lord sees to it that His Word does not go down the drain with them. The people keep the faith, and in our experience, adds to it even if it diverges from the teachings and practice of the church. In Latin, we call this phenomenon, sensus fidei: the people’s sense of the faith.

In the greater scheme of things, it is God whose plan He carries out and no one, not even Church leaders, can curtail its fulfillment.


Related article:

Reinerio A. Alba, Lent, the Filipino Way

Biyernes Santo: Halikan Mo ang Krus

2 April 2010. Biyernes Santo
Isaiah 52,13 - 53,12; Psalm 31; Heb 4,14-16 - 5,7-9; John 18,1 - 19,42


Note: This appears in Sambuhay Filipino missalette today. Sambuhay is a publication of the Society of St. Paul.

Kailangan nating mamatay. Ito ang pinakatatagong sikreto ng buhay. Ito ang inilahad ni Hesus sa kanyang pagkamatay. Kung nais nating makamtan ang ganap na buhay, kailangang dumaan sa iba’t ibang uri ng pagbubuwis nito. Ito ang dapat na daanan ng butil upang mamunga. Ang pagaalay ng lahat na mahalaga para sa pinakamahalaga sa atin ang tanging daan upang makamtan ito. Upang maging mabuti, matagumpay at masagana, kailangang huwag isipin ang sarili. Ito ang simbolo ng krus. Hinahalikan natin ang krus na ito upang maalala natin kung paanong nakamtan ni Hesus ang ating pinakamimithing kaligtasan.

Matagal na nating tinatakasan ang kamatayan. Laging merong pag-aayaw sa katotohanang ito. Ngunit kailangan lang nating tumingin upang makita sa paligid natin ang kamatayang parte ng ating buhay. May mga namamatay na cells sa bawat paglago ng isang halaman at paglaki ng mga hayop. Kailangang mahulog sa lupa ang bawat butil upang mamunga ito, wika ni Hesus. Kahit patay na, sinasanggalan ng ating mga balat ang mga buhay na buhay na parte ng ating katawan.

Dalawa ang mukha ng pag-unlad: ang kamatayan at ang tagumpay. Naaninag sa ating paghihirap at pagsusunog ng kilay ang tagumpay. Masisigurado ng isang estudyanteng masipag at matiyaga ang nalalapit na pagtatapos. Sa kabilang banda, makikita ang mga dugong dumanak sa mismong saya ng tagumpay.

Kung babalikan lamang natin ang ating buhay, kasama sa tagumpay ang mga sugat na tila sariwa pa sa ating mga puso. Ito ang mga sugat ng ating sari-saring pamamaalam sa mga mahal natin sa buhay. Mga paglisan na kailangan para sa ating pagsasapalaran. Masarap nga ang tagumpay kapag pinaghirapan; malungkot din ito dahil sa kailangang iwanan. Ngunit ito ang daan upang makamtan ang buhay na walang hanggan. Wika ni Hesus, “lahat ng lumisan sa bahay, o magiwan ng mga kapatid... ama, ina, o bukid, alang-alang sa Akin ay tatanggap ng makasandaan at magkakamit ng buhay na walang hanggan” (Mt. 19, 29).

Maging sa ating mga ugnayan, kamatayan ang sikreto ng mahabang samahan. Hindi lahat ng ating mga kagustuhan ang laging nasusunod. May mga oras ng pagpapaubaya. May mga sandali na kailangang magbigay kahit masakit na ito. Maraming oras ng pagtitiis at pagpapasan ng suliranin. Isang pagtatali ang isang ugnayan: kinikitil nito ang iba’t ibang kalayaang naranasan bago ang desisyong um-oo sa altar ng Diyos. Sa kasalan, sumasang-ayon ang magkasintahan ialay ang buhay alang-alang sa kanilang kabiyak at sa kanilang magiging mga anak. At dahil dito, i-sasantabi nila ang kanilang mga sarili, upang maalagaan ang kapakanan ng pamilya. Sabi nga ni Hesus kay Pedro, “pagtanda mo ay iuunat mo ang iyong mga kamay at iba ang magbibigkis sa iyo at dadalhin ka kung saan mo ayaw” (Juan 21, 18).

May mga kamatayang kailangang harapin sa ating buhay. Noong dinala ng mga magulang si Hesus sa templo sa Kanyang paghahandog sa Diyos, nagbabala si Simeon kay Maria, “At paglalagusan ng isang tabak ang iyong kaluluwa upang mapahayag ang mga pag-iisip ng maraming puso” (Lucas 2, 35). Hinarap din ni Hesus ang Kanyang kamatayan, at ilan beses din niyang inilahad ito sa kanyang mga alagad (Lucas 9, 22). May alam na tayong sasapitin bago pa ito mangyari tulad ng pahayag ng doktor ukol sa isang malubhang sakit o ang pagsubok sa pag-aaral at pagtatrabaho.

Sinasabi natin sa ating misa: Napagtagumpayan ni Kristo ang kamatayan. Tinalo ito ni Kristo dahil naibulgar Niya ang sikreto nito: kamatayan ang susi sa tunay na buhay. Wika ni San Francisco de Asis sa kanyang Laudes creaturarum, kailangang kaibiganin si “Sister Death”. Harapin at tanggapin na parte ito ng buhay. At dahil dito, huwag makipagkiri o subukan sa kamatayan. Huwag ding takasan o hanapin ito (tulad ng pagkitil sa sariling buhay).

Hindi katapusan ng buhay ang kamatayan, kundi isang daan sa lalong mas mabuting buhay. Isa itong pagsasakabilang-buhay: isang pagbabago at pagtawid sa mas magandang kinabukasan. Tulad ng lahat ng kanta, hindi magkakaroon ng himig kung hindi mamamatay ang bawat tinig. Isang resulta ng maraming kamatayan ang isang awit.

Paano ba haharapin ang kamatayan? Unang-una, alamin kung para kanino natin ibubuwis ang ating buhay. Mahalaga ang buhay, kaya ibibigay lamang ito para sa mas mahalaga sa atin. Pinaglilingkuran natin ang Diyos, bayan at kapwa dahil mas mahalaga sila sa ating sariling buhay. Magkakaroon lamang ng kahulugan ang krus kung ito’y para sa pinakamamahal. Wika ni Hesus, “ang mawalan ng kanyang buhay alang-alang sa Akin ay maililigtas ito” (Lucas 9, 24).

Pangalawa, harapin ang kamatayan, pasanin ang krus at tahakin ang Via Dolorosa, ang daan ng kapighatian. Huwag matakot. Makibaka. Makipaglaban. Huwag humina ang loob. Sa Kanyang pagpapakasakit, hindi binitiwan ni Hesus ang alaala nating lahat. Upang mailigtas tayong lahat, hinango Niya ang lakas sa pagmamahal sa atin.

Kaya tulad ni Hesus, kailangan nating damhin ang unti-unting pagpanaw ng ating mga sarili, upang makita natin kung sino ang pinakamahalaga sa ating buhay. Kaya, kung mahal na mahal mo si Kristo, itakwil mo ang iyong sarili, pasanin ang iyong krus araw-araw at sumunod sa Kanya (Lucas 9, 23). At hindi magtatagal, muli kang mabubuhay.